Dyeing of mixed wool-cellulose acetate textile materials



Patented Jan. 20, 1953 DYEING OF MIXED WOOL-CELLULOSE ACETATE TEXTILE MATERIALS George C. Ward, Cumberland, Md., assignor to Gelanese Corporation of America, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 26, 1951, Serial No. 208,059

3 Claims.

This invention relates to the dyeing of textile materials and relates more particularly to an improved process for the dyeing of textile materials containing organic derivative of cellulose fibers in admixture with animal fibers.

According to one process that has been suggested for the dyeing of textile materials containing organic derivative of cellulose fibers in admixture with animal fibers, such as wool, the said textile materials are first dyed with a dyebath containing a dyestuff which has an afilnity for and will dye the organic derivative of cellulose fibers, and are then dyed further with a dyebath containing an acid or other dyestuff which will dye the wool fibers. While this process will dye the aforementioned textile materials in a Wide range of level and, mixed shades, it is not com- I vide an improved process for the dyeing of textile materials containing organic derivative of cellulose fibers in admixture with animal fibers which will dye said textile materials in shades having an improved resistance to light fading.

Other objects of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and claims.

According to the present invention, it has been found that when a textile material containing organic derivative of cellulose fibers in admixture with animal fibers, such as wool, is dyed with a dyebath containing a dyestuff which has an affinity for and will dye the organic derivative of cellulose fibers, the said dyestuff will stain the wool in a shade whose depth will depend on the nature of the dyestufi' and the composition of the dyebath. This stain on the wool has a very poor resistance to light fading and accounts, at least in part, for the poor light-fastness of the dyeings on said textile materials. I have now discovered that at least that portion of the stain on the wool which has a poor light fastness may be removed therefrom without materially affecting the shade of the organic derivative of cellulose fibers by treating said textile materials with a bath containing a titanous salt, such as titanous chloride or titanous sulfate, before they are dyed with a dyebath containing an acid or other dye which will dye the wool. Following this treatment, the textile materials are dyed further with a dyebath containing an acid or other dyestuff which will dye the wool fibers. The textile materials that have been dyed in this manner exhibit an im proved resistance to light fading and are, therefore, suited for many commercial applications. The treatment of the textile materials with baths containing sodium hydrosulfite or sodium hypochlorite in place of baths containing titanous sulfate alters the shade on the organic derivative of cellulose fibers to too great an extent to be useful. Treatment of the textile materials with baths containing hydrogen peroxide does not strip any of the suitable dyestuffs from the wool.

Advantageously, the bath containing the titanous salt has a concentration of between about 0.5 and 4% by weight and is employed at a temperature of between about 25 and 60 C. The time of treatment with this bath may range between about 10 and 60 minutes, depending upon the temperature of the bath and the concentration of the titanous salt therein, and also upon the depth of shade of the stain on the wool fibers.

Examples of suitable dyestuffs having an afiinity for the organic derivative cellulose fibers that may be employed in carrying out the process of this invention are l-aminoi-acetylaminoanthraquinone, 2-nitro diphenylamine-l-sulfonamide, 4'-ethoxy-2-nitro diphenylaminel-sulfonamide, Celliton Fast Blue AF (PR-227) Celliton Fast Pink BA (PR-234), Celliton Fast Blue Green BA (PR-229). Examples of suitable dyestuffs which will dye the wool fibers and may be employed in carrying out'the process of this invention are Alizarine Rubinol R (C. I. 1091), Alizarine Light Brown, BL, Alizarine Fast Grey 2BLW (PR-206), Omega Chrome Flavine CLG Palatine Marine Blue RENA, Polar Red G (C. I. 430) Anthraquinone Blue SKY (C. I. 1088), Alizarine Cyanine Green 5G, and Alizarine Light Blue 4GL. The dyebaths containing these dyestuffs may be compounded in accordance with practices well known in the art.

The process of the present invention will now be described in connection with the dyeing of textile materials containing cellulose acetate fibers, which are commercially the most important organic derivative of cellulose fibers at the present time. It may also be employed in the dyeing of textile materials containing other cellulose ester fibers such as cellulose propicnate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate fibers, and cellulose ether fibers such as ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose fibers.

3 The textile materials may be dyed in the form of yarns, fabrics or the like.

The following examples are given to illustrate this invention further.

Example I A textile fabric made from yarns containing a mixture of 70% by weight of cellulose acetate fibers and 30% by weight of wool fibers is dyed for 60 minutes in a dyebath maintained at 80 C. and containing 0.24 grams per liter of soap, 1 gram per liter of the condensation product of polyethylene oxide and an amine fatty acid (Clarapent O) and 1 gram per liter of ammonia in addition to 0.475% of Celliton Fast Blue AF, 0.369% of 4-ethoxy-2nitro diphenylaminelsulfonamide, and 0.212% of 1-amino-4-acetylamino-anthraquinone, all percentages being by weight on the weight of the fabric. The cellulose acetate fibers in the dyed fabric exhibit a mem green, shade a d he. W001. fi ers r t ne a lighter green. The fabric is then treated for 30 minutes with an aqueous bath containing 1% by weight of titanous sulfate and maintained at 35 0., which treatment does not materially affect the shade of the cellulose acetate fibers but which removes the major portion of the color from the wool fibers. The fabric is then dyed further for 60 minutes in a dyebath maintained at 70 C. and containing 0.485% Palatine Marine Blue RENA, 0.065% Omega Chrome Flavine CLG, 0.075% Alizarine Rubinol R, 2 cubic centimeters per liter of acetic acid and grains per liter of anhydrous sodium sulfate. Following the second. dyein t e textile fabric is uniformly Example I I A textile fabric made from y rns c ine" a mixture of 50% by weight -of cellulose acetate fibers and 50% by weight of wool fibers is dyed for 1 hour in a dyebath maintained at 75 C. and containing ,5 gram per liter of soap, 2 grams per liter of the sodium sulfonate of an allsyl oleate and 1 cubic centimeter per liter of ammonia, in

additi to 2% of Celliton Fast Pink BA. The cellulose acetate fibers in the dyed fabric exhibit a bright bluish red shade and the wool fibers are stained a reddish blue shade. The fabric is then treated for minutes with an aqueous bath containing 1% by weight of titanous sulfate and maintained at C., which treatment does not mate al y a f ct the shade of the cellulose acetate fibers and which r moves the major port n of the color from the wool fibers, The fabric is then dyed further for minutes in a dyebath maintained at 70 C. and containing 0.75% Alizarine Rubinol R, 1 gram per liter of acetic acid, and 10 grams per liter of anhydrous sodium sulfate. Following the second dyeing, the textile fabric is uniformly dyed a bright bluish red shade which exhibits an improved resist rice to light fading as compared with textile fabrics which have been dyed with the same dyebaths,

4 but which have not been treated with a dyebath containing a titanous salt.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by Way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In the process for the dyeing of textile materials containing organic derivative of cellulose fibers in admixture with wool fibers, the steps which comprise treating said textile materials with a bath containing a dyestuff which has an aifinity for and will dye the organic derivative of cellulose fibers, then treating said textile mate rials for a period of between about 10 and minutes with a bath maintained at between about 25 and 60 C. and containing from about 0.5 to 4% by weight of a titanous salt to remove at least a portion of the stain from the wool fibers, and

thereafter treating said textile materials with a dyebath containing a dyestuff which will dye the wool fibers.

In a process or the dyeing of textile materials containing cellulose acetate fibers in admixture with wool fibers, the steps which comprise treating said textile materials with a dyebath containing a dyestufi which has an aflinity for and will dye the cellulose acetate fibers, then treating said textile materials for a period of between about 10 and 60 minutes with a bath maintained at between about 25 and 60 C. and containing from about 0.5 to 4% by weight of a titanous salt to remove at least a portion of the stain from the wool fibers, and thereafter treating said textile materials with a dyebath containing a dyestuff which will dye the wool fibers.

3. In a process for the dyeing of textile materials containing cellulose acetate fibers in admixture with wool fibers, the steps which cornurise treating said textile materials with a dyebath containing a dyestuif which has an afiinity for and will dye the cellulose acetate fibers, then treating said textile materials for a period of between about 10 and 60 minutes with a bath maintained at between about 25 and 68 C. containing from about 0.5 to 4% by weight of a titanous salt to remove at least a portion of the stain from the wool fibers, and thereafter treating said textile materials with a dyebath containing an acid dyestuii which will dye wool fibers.

GEORGE C. 

1. IN THE PROCESS FOR THE DYEING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS CONTAINING ORGANC DERIVATIVE OF CELLULOSE FIBERS IN ADMIXTURE WITH WOOL FIBERS, THE STEPS WHICH COMPRISE TREATING SAID TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH A BATH CONTAINING A DYESTUFF WHICH HAS AN AFFINITY FOR AND WILL DYE THE ORGANIC DERIVATIVE OF CELLULOSE FIBERS, THEN TREATING SAID TEXTILE MATERIALS FOR A PERIOD OF BETWEEN ABOUT 10 AND 60 MINUTES WITH A BATH MAINTAINED AT BETWEEN ABOUT 25 AND 60* C. AND CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 0.5 TO 4% BY WEIGHT OF A TITANOUS SALT TO REMOVE AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE STAIN FROM THE WOOL FIBERS, AND SYSTEM, CONDENSING THE VAPOR AND THEREBY RELEASING THE NON-CONDENSILE GAS OF THE MIXTURE TO WASTE, SUPPLYING EVAPORATED MAKE-UP WATER TO THE BOILER FEED SYSTEM AT A POINT IN ADVANCE OF DELIVERY OF CONDENSATE TO THE BOILER, CONDENSING THE NON-CONDENSED VAPORS OF THE EVAPORATED MAKE-UP WATER, MIXING THE CONDENSED MAKE-UP WATER WITH THE CONDENSED VAPOR OF THE MIXTURE WITHDRAWN FROM THE MAIN CONDENSER, HEATING AND SCRUBBING THE MIXED VAPORS WITH STEAM, FLASHING AND CONDENSING THE HEATED SCRUBBED VAPOR TO RELEASE THE AMMONIA CONTENT OF THE VAPOR, VENTING THE RELEASED AMMONIA TO WASTE AND DELIVERING THE RELATIVELY AMMONIA-FREE CONDENSATE TO THE BOILER FEED SYSTEM AT A POINT IN THE SYSTEM IN ADVANCE OF DELIVERY OF CONDENSATE TO THE BOILER. 